Form for concrete construction.



F. P. KEMON.

FORM FOR CONGRE GNSTRUCTIGN. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30, 191s.

a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Inven ur' HiEPnT 11E 5 www@ E. P. KEI/ION.- FORM FIOR CONCRETECONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 301 I9I6.

Patented 3am. 16, 19V?.

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F. P. KEMON. FORNI FOR CONCRETE-CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30| I9I. L F

Pateme Jau. 16, 191A 'His ATH-:PHE 5 FRANK E. KEMUN,

0F ATLANTIC CITY, NEW JERSEY.

FORM FOR CONCRETE CONS'EBUCTON.

Application filed `inercia 30,

To alli/whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, FRANK P. KEMON, a

citizen'of the United States, residing at Atp for use in the erectingof'straight or b atmantling may tered walls, retaining walls,reservoirs, building foundations and walls, arch bridges, abutments,piers, houses, barns, garages, sewers, tunnels, viaducts, culverts,tanks, silos, lgrain elevators,etc.

The principal objects of my invention are, first, to provide concreteforms adaptable to all purposes of concrete construction; sec-l ond, toprovide forms embodying elements which so coperate that erection andvdisthird, to provide forms avoiding the use of detachable keys, pins orwedges as means for holding the parts in operative relatiorn'bututilizing such devices as bolts andv nuts of either the standard rtypeor thumb-nuts, which may be maintained in screw-threaded engagement viththe bolts during and after dismantling, thereby rendering the formsinexpensive to provide and maintain them in workable conditions at alltimes; fourth, to provide forms of such construction that the concretemay be conveyed to the space adjacent or kbetween the form or forms anddeposited without drop from a great height; fifth, to provide forms ofsuchconstruction embodying panels which may be removed at any point inthe wall to permit of inspection,

or the placing of spouting, etc., therein; sixth, to provide forms ofsuch construction that the panels may be progressively raised withrespect to the uprights as the concreting progresses and becomesself-sustaining upon its base, eliminating the necessity of a largenumber of panels at any particular job; seventh, to provide forms withwhich standard rolled steel sections may be utiliZed, thereby enablingthe bulk of material to be readily obtained in localities wheremanufacturing and construction work is in progress; and, eighth, toprovide forms utilizing pressed steel sections which are light anddurable, and which may be strengthened by wood llers, or upriglits whendesired, such as where standard rolled sections are Specification ofLetters Patent.

be 4accomplished with ease;

Patented. dan. 16, iwi?.

isis. serial No. 87,769.

not available and transportation rates are high.

Qther objects of the invention will appear in the' following detaileddescriptiomtaken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification and in which drawings:

l Figure lis an exterior elevation ofa form constructed'according to myinvention, parts being broken away, 4removed and the view condensed.Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line Qf-Q of Fig. 1. Fig..3 is anenlarged sectional view.transversely of the base and longitudinally ofone ofthe uprights, forming a part of my invention. Fig. 4: isa sec'-tional view on the line l-,-4 of Fig. 3. Fig.

5 is a perspective view of the upper portion of one form of mainvsupport or upright. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view of aretainer coperating with the support shown in' Fig.- 5. Fig. 7 is atransverse sectional view showing a modified form of main supports, withportions of panels in operative relation thereto. Fig. 8 is a viewsimilar to Fig. 7 showing a further modification'of, thefmain supports,more particularly adapted for drawing form sections together. Fig. 9 isa transverse sectional view through a modified form of corner uprights,with portions of panels in operative rela-` tion thereto. Fig. 10 is aperspective view of a wood filler used in-connection with a vmodifiedform of upright.

Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 9 showing means ofholding parts inoperative relation one to another. Fig. 12 is a view similar to Fig. 9showing a further modication of a corner upright. Fig. 13 is a viewsimilar to' Fig. 7 showing a further modification of an upright to bealined with other uprights, and more particularly adaptedv for heavywork. Fig. 14 is a view similar to Fig. lshowing a lighter constructionof said upright. Fig.` 15 is a view associated with Fig. 14, showingmeans for holding parts in operative relation one to another. Fig. 16 isa transverse sectional view through an internal corner upright, showingportions of panels in operative relation thereto. Fig. 17 is a viewassociated with Fig. 16 showing means for holding parts in operativerelation one to another. Fig. 18 isa view similar to Fig. 9 showing afurther modification of the corner upright supports, and moreparticularly adapted for external corners. Fig. 19 is a view similar toFig. 13, showing a further modification of an upright to be alined withothers. Fig. 20 is a view similar to Fig. 16 showing a furthermodification of the internal upright corner construction. Fig. 21 is aperspective view of the upper portion of a wood filler to be used moreparticularly in connection with the'form of uprights shown in Fig. 13. r

In the drawings, where similar characters refer to similar partsthroughout the several views, A designates generally a suitable base,such as a channel section disposed'with its web uppermost; B, mainsupports or uprights formed of single rolled steel sections, or aplurality of sections; C, a cap for the main support; D, panels inabutting relation with and supported by said main supports or uprights;E, retainers, such as angle bars or members of angle sections, forholding the panels C in place; F, securing devices for the retainers bywhich they are permanently connected with the main supports' and held inadjusted position; and, G ties, longitudinally of the forms.-

It has already been purposed to utilize rolled steel sections inconcrete forms, as well as pressed steel sections, and such has beenbrought into practical use, utilizing keys, pins or wedges for holdingone part into operative relation to the other.

One of the principal objects of my invention is to avoid the use of suchdetachable devices, it having been found in practice that where suchdevices must be removed from engagement with essential parts of theforms, they become lost and a considerable outlay is necessary toreplace such special detachable devices whenthe forms are again set upfor practical use.

In the drawings, I have illustrated several modifications of mainsupports or uprights, to which the invention is applicable, and it is tobe appreciated that changes in details may be made without departingfrom the spirit of my invention, as-hereinafter set forth.

The base A may be of any suitable section, preferably a channel,disposed with its webs 22 uppermost, the outer edges of the flanges 23resting upon the ground. The Web of each base is provided with aplurality of perforations 24, one of which is shown in Fig. 3 tofacilitate the attachment of uprights B to the base, as hereinafterdescribed.

Referring lirst to the main supports or uprights, and more particularlyto the forms shown iny Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, they com,- prisestandard rolled I-sections, each including a web 25, longitudinalflanges 26 disposed nearest the hollow of the form, and outer flanges27. Each upright is also provided with a plurality of ways 28, theopposite walls 29 of each way inclining toward the llanges 26. For apurpose to be subsequently set forth, I prefer to form the rest againstflanges 26,

ways 28 of L-shape, the longer leg 30 of which is that bounded by walls29, while the shorter leg 31 extends toward the flanges 27, and ispreferably uppermost. In other Words, I prefer to dispose the Ways 28 1nthe web 25 of each upright B in s uch a manner that one leg of each wayinclines to-l Ward and with its closed end nearest flanges 26.

While I have shown the uprights B, 1n Fig. 1, as disposed in alinedspaced-apart relation, and held rigid at their upper portion by means ofcap C,it is to be understood that such cap may be dispensed with undercertain conditions. The uprights may be secured to the base A as byangles 32, disposed at either or both sides of the web 25 of eachupright, and with one leg 33, of each angle member 32, resting upon theweb 22 of the base A. The other leg 34 of each angle 32 abuts againstthe web 25 of the upright, and both legs are provided with perforations35 and 36, respectively, the perforation 35 alining with a perforation24 in the web of the base, While the perforation 36 alines with aperforation 37 in the web.25 of upright B. Through the alinedperforations 24 and 35, a bolt 38is passed, receiving nut 39, wherebythe angle 32 is made rigid with the base. Through the alinedperforations 36 and 37, a bolt 40 is passed, receiving thumb nut 41,holding the upright rigid with the base. The cap C may also be securedto the uprights in a similar manner, such as by angles 42, clearly shownin Fig. l.

As to the panels -D, they may be of any suitable material, such as pineplanking 43, which may or may not be provided with tongues and grooves44 and 45,' respectively, and in heavyv Work, metal plates 46, securedto the wood backing, in any suitable manner, such as by screws 47. Inpractice, the panels are provided with reduced edge portions 48, whichbringing the faces of the panels flush with the faces of said flanges,forming walls of the hollow when assembled.

In order to hold the panels in intimate contact with flanges 26, theretainers E are provided. They are preferably of angle section, and in apractical application of my invention, may consist in standard rolledsteel angle sections, one leg 48, of each retainer, torest against thepanel D while the other leg 49 rests against the web 25 of the upright.Each retainer is provided with a plurality ofperforations 50 so spacedthat they may bel alined with the ways 28 of the uprights. The securingdevices F, which have the dual function of permanently securing theretainers to the uprights, and also hold them in an adjusted positionwith re-A may be provided with spect to 'the panels, may comprisekeach,a 130 bolt 51 passing through alined perforations 50, and a nut 52,either of the standard type, or a thumb nut, as shown in Fig. 3.desired, a cottery pin 53 may be passed through 1and secured in anopening 54 adjacent the end portion of the bolt, so that the nut cannotbe removed without first removing the vcotter pin, thus preventingaccidental separation of the nut and bolt due to vibration.

t is to be observed that, with the shank of the bolt engaging the wallsof ways 28, and more particularly the inclined walls 29 of said ways, bytapping upon the bolt heads or the upper portions of retainers E, theymay be forced into intimate contact with the panels D which action, inturn, forces said panels in tight engagement with the flanges 26. Whenthe nuts 52 are tightened, the panels are held securely in place. Thisadapts the uprights for use in connection with thick, medium sized, orthin panels, according to the character of the work, said inclined walls28 enabling the operator to positively move the. retainers E eithertoward or from the 'flanges 26, while the legs 31- of the ways 28,enable the retainers E to be retracted sufficiently to remove any panelD. Likewise, by -releasingrthe nut 52, retracting the retainersany panelmay be easily raised, enabling the panel to serve as a confining meansfor the concrete to be placed upon concrete which is alreadyselfsustaining, that is, set, or the bulk' of which is supportedlaterally by the uprights B This enables the operators to progressivelyraise the panels D, so that very few are required in proportion to themagnitude of the undertaking.

Referring now in Fig. 7, the upright B is in the form of a rolledT-section, and is particularly adapted for lighter work. lt comprisesthe web 25, flanges 26 against which the panels D rest, ways 28 in web25 retainers E and securing devices F. The only dierence between thismodification and that designated B is the omission of flanges 27 andthis modification is well adapted for use where great tensile strengthis not essential..

n Fig. 8 the main support or upright B2 yis formed of two channels 55,the webs 25 of which are in abutting relation. Each channel is providedwith the longitudinally eX- tending flange 26, against which the panelsD rest, and/flanges 27 so that, in cross section, this modificationresembles a ll' section. rl`he webs 25 are provided with ways 28, inthis modification, formed to receive Vthe countersunk heads 56 of bolts51, the usual retainers E being provided. This modified form of mainsupport is well adapted for use in tunnel works where it is necessary todraw one section of the form into operative relation to the other, andfor which purpose, the bolt 57 having a'nut 58 is provided, thiscomprise to the modification shown bolt passing transversely through thewebs of the channels.

Pursuant to one of the principal objects of my invention, that is, toutilize standard rolled steel sections, where expansion occurs, or forthe end of a form, as shown to the right of Fig. 2, the upright B3 maycomprise a channel 59 provided with flanges 26 and 27, andagainst theformer of which panel D rests; the usual retainer E and securing deviceF, which latter also holds a. Z-bar 60, one flange of which abuts withthe web of channel 59, while the other flange is in engagement with theouter face of the end panel D, this panel also resting against the webof the channel, as clearly shown in the drawings. lf desired, the turnbuckle bolts 61 may be substituted for the usual bolt 51, and by the aidof a turnbuckle 62, joining bolt 61, the forms may be held rigid anddrawn tightly into alinement. Likewise, the exterior corner upright B4may comprisean angle 63, the interior face of which forms angular wallsof the hollow, and suitable Z-bars 64, held in place by suitablesecuring devices F, in such a manner that one leg of each Z-bar abutswith one flange of the angle 63, while the other flange of the Z-barengages the exterior face of panel D, this panel also engaging a portionof the angle section 63, as clearly shown to the left of Fig. 2. Theinterior corner main support or upright B may the same elements asupright B4 but disposed differently. angle sections 65 the exteriorfaces of which form wall portions of the hollow while the panels D areheld in place by Z-bars 66 and securing devices E in a manner similar tothat described in connection with form B4. The Z-bars are held in placewith one flange in abutting relation to the interior face of the anglesections 65, with the other flange of the B section resting against theface of the panel.

In some sections of the country it may be desirable to utilize ratherlight rolled or pressed steel sections in conjunction with wood fillersor posts, and referringnow to the application of my invention to such acombination, uprights B6, to be interposed between corner uprights, maycomprise a wood core 69, creosoted to preserve and waterproof the same,and to which are secured angle sections 70, one flange of each section,that designated 71, resting against the face of core 69, while the otherflange 72 receives the side portions of panel D. Each flange 71 isprovided with the usual ways 2S, which receive the bolts of securingdevices F, coperating with retainer E for holding the panel inengagement with flange 72. The filler 69 is routed out, as indicated at73, and more specifically shown in Fig. 21, to the rear of way 28 tomake room for the head of bolt 130 j are provided with the usualdesired. In the modification shown in Fig.

14, the main support or upright B7 is similar to that shown in Fig. 13,with the eX- ception that it is relatively narrower, and the Way 28 iscontinuous transversely of the main body portion of the structure, asingle bolt 51 servmg to retain tWo of the E in place. In both forms B6and B7, the angle sections may be secured to the core by means of boltspassing transversely through the structure, and having nuts 76 turnedtightly against the flanges 71.

With forms using the Wood core, the corners may be constructed byproviding an upright core 77 to the adjacent faces of which are securedangle `sections 7 8, so disposed that the margins of both exterior facesof said sections are in abutting relation, as clearly shown in Fig. 9.One flange 79 of each section 78 is secured to thecore 77 as by bolts 80and nuts-81, and said flanges Way 28 for receiving the securing devicesF, coperating with retainers E, and in conjunction with the other flange82 of sections 78, for holding the panels D in place. The cores are alsorouted, as indicated at 83 for the heads of bolts used andl forming apart of the securing devices F.

If desired, as shown in Fig. 12, the bolts 51 may be provided withcountersunk heads 84:, and under which conditions the routing 83 asshown in Fig. 9 is not necessary.

Interior corners utilizing Wood cores may be formed as shown in Figs. 16and 17, Where the Wood core is indicated by character 85. Angle sections86 are secured to 4adjacent faces of the core but with the face of oneflange 87 in alinement With, or in close proximity' to the opposite face'from that to Which the other section 86 is s ecured. The other flange88 of each section 86 is provided with the usual Way 28 to accommodatethe securing device F also cooperating With retainer E, for holding thepanels D in place. The core is routed out as indicated at 89 to receivethe bolt heads of bolts 51. The sections 86 may be secured to the core85 as by bolts 90 and nuts 91, as clearly shown in Fig. 19, and underwhich conditions the core 85 may beprovided with a recess 92 for theheads of bolts 90, these recesses being closed by means of an angularplate 93, secured to the core 85 in any suitable manner.

It may be desirable to further modify this combination of Wood and metalin the provision of main supports such as is shown in Fig.f19, B11 beinga form of supports to be interposed between corner supports, andcomprising a core 94 of Wood, with flanges 95 adjacent the facesthereof, flanges96 exelements tending longitudinally of the core 91, andagainst which the panels D abut, bemg of one continuous sheet of metalwhich also the modification of the corner posts for the exterior of theform it compr1ses the core 99 of Wood With a shell or casing of sheetmetal 100 about the core and having its end portions doubled uponitself, at right angles, forming flanges 101 against which the panels Dabut. The core, as Well as the shell is provided with the usu'al Way 28,and the securing devices are here shown comprising bolts 51 extendingentirely through the core v and shell portions, and receiving the nuts52 adjacent retainer E which is formed as described in connection withthe sup ort B11. The internal corner support or'uprlght may comprise aWood core 102, With a casing of sheet metal 103, doubled upon itselfadjacent the center. portions, providing flange 104, and having one endportion doubled upon itself providing flange 105, the ends of the sheetmetal joining as indicated at 106. The core 103 is recessed as at 107,to the rear of theyvvays 28 for the securing devices F, which coperatewith the securing devices E.

It is to be understood that, in connection With any of the mainsupports-or uprights, utilizing Wood as a core, or to give tensilestrength to the members, the metallic portions can be formed andassembled into operative relation to the Wood cores obtained at thelocality in which the metallic portions are shipped. In this Way themembers of the forms can be adapted to the particular Work, and towithstand the load.

The invention is susceptible of manyl changes and modifications whichmay be spirit or scope of my invention; but,

I claim:

1. In forms for concrete construction, the combination of main supportsin spaced relation, each support provided with a longitudinallyextending flange and a plurality of Ways extending through the body ofsaid supports, each Way being substantially L-shaped with the Walls ofione portion inclined toward and with the closed end thereof nearest saidflange', panels in abutting relation With the flanges of said supportswith their sides adjacent said Ways, angle bars in abutting relationWith the outer faces of said panels, each bar provided with perfora- 5oouter faces of said panels,

tions. to aline With the said Ways in said lation with the outer facesof said panels,

supports, and securing devices passing cach bar provided Withperforations t aline through said Ways and alined perforations. with thesaid waysl in said supports, and se- 2. In foi-ins for concreteconstruction, the curing devices passing through said Ways combinationof main supports in spaced reand alined perforations. 70

lation. each support provided With a flange 6. In forms for concreteconstruction, the

extending longitudinally of and at each side, combination of mainsupports comprising and a plurality of Ways extending through rolledmetal sections each including a Web the said body of each support, eachway beand fianges extending longitudinally of and ing substantiallyL-shaped with the Walls of at each side of said webs, each section pro-75 one portion inclined toward and With the vided with a plurality oftransverse l.-

closed end thereof nearest said flanges, panels shaped Ways in its web,with the Walls of one in abutting relation with the flanges of said legof each way inclined toward and With supports with their sides adjacentsaid ways, the closed end thereof nearest said flanges,

angle bars in abutting relation With the outer panels in abuttingrelation With the flanges 8o faces of said panels, each bar providedwith of said supports With their sides adjacent perforations to alinewith the said Ways in said ways, angle bars in abutting relation saidsupports, and securing devices passing with 'the outer faces of saidpanels, each through saidv ways and alined perforations. bar providedwith perforations to aline 3. A form for concrete construction com- Withthe said Ways in said supports, and seg5 prising in combination, a base,uprights securing devices passing through said Ways cured thereto inspaced relation, each upand alined perforations.

right provided with a longitudinally ex- 7 In forms for concreteconstruction, the

tending flange and a plurality of Ways excombination of a base, upri htsdetachably tending through the body of said upright, secured thereto inspaced relation each up- 90 each way being substantially L-shaped withright formed of a rolled metallic section inthe walls of one leginclined toward and cludinga web and a flange extending longiwith theclosed end thereof nearest said tudinally thereof, each section providedange, panels in abutting relation with the With a plurality oftransverse lshaped Ways flanges of said uprights with their sides adinits web, with the Walls of one leg of each 95 jacent said ways, anglebars in abutting re- Way inclined toward and with the closed lation Withthe outer faces of said panels, end thereof nearest said flange, panelsin each bar provided with perforations to aline abutting relation withthe flanges of said with the said Ways in said uprights, and seuprightsWith their sides adjacent the Ways,

j curing devices passing through said Ways Aangle bars in abuttingrelation With the 100 and alined perforations. outer faces of saidpanels, each bar provided 4. A form for concrete construction com- Withperforations to aline with the said prising in combination, a base,uprights se- Ways in said uprights, and securing devices cured theretoin spaced relation, each uppassing through said Ways and alinedperforight provided with a flange extending lonrations. 105 gitudinallyof and at each side and a plural- 8. In forms for concrete construction,the ity of Ways extending through the body of combination o'f a base,uprights detachably the uprights, each Way being substantially securedthereto inl spaced relation, each up- L-shaped with the Walls of one ofthe legs right formed of a rolled metal section ininclined toward andWith the closed ends cluding a Web and flanges extending longin@ thereofnearest said flanges, panels in abuttudinally of and at both sides ofsaid Web, ting relation With the flanges of said upeach section providedWith a plurality of rights With their sides adjacent said Ways,transverse L-Shaped Ways in its Web with the angle bars in abuttingrelation with the Walls of one leg of each Way inclined toward each barproand with the closed end thereof nearest said 115 vided withperforations `to aline with the flange, panels in abutting relation Withthe said Ways in said upright's, and securing deflanges of said supportsWith their sides adviges passing through said Ways and alined jacentsaid Ways, angle bars in abutting reperforations. lation With the outerfaces of said panels,

I 5. In forms for concrete construction, the each bar plpvded WithperforatiOnS t0 aline 120 combination of main supports comprising Withthe said Ways in said supports, and serolled metal sections eachincluding a web curing. devices 'passing through said Ways and a flangeextending longitudinally thereand alined perforations. of, each sectionprovided with a plurality 9. In forms'for concrete construction, the

6o of transverse L-shaped Ways in its web with combination of mainsupports, comprising 125 the Walls of one leg of each Way inclined to-,rolled metal sections each including a web Ward and With its closed endnearest said and a flange extending longitudinally thereflange, panelsin abutting relation With the of, and a plurality of Ways in each Webwith l anges of said supports with their sides adthe opposite Walls feach Way inclined to- 55 jacent said Ways, angle bars in abutting rewardsaid ange, said supports being dis- 13g f vided With a plurality ofcombination'of a corner relation with the Aflanges of said supports withtheir sides adjacent said Ways, angleA bars in abutting relation withthe outer faces of said panels, each bar provided with perforationsto'aline with the said Ways in said supports, and securing devicespassing through said Ways and alined perforations.

10. In forms for concrete construction, the combination of main supportscomprising rolled metal sections including a web and flanges extendinglongitudinally thereof and at both sides of saidwebs, eachsection pro-Ways in its Web with the opposite Walls o f each Wa inclined toward saidflanges, said supports eing disposed in spaced relation, panels inabutting relation with the flanges of said supports with their sidesadjacent said Ways, angle bars in abutting relation with the outer facesof said panels, each bar provided with perforations to aline with thesaid Ways in said supports, -and securing devices paing through saidWays and alined perforations.

11. In forms for concrete construction, the post, angle sections securedto and 'longitudinally of4 adjacent faces of said post With thev outer'edges comm`onto both'flanges of each section in abutand angle sectionsadjustably secured to the flanges of said first-mentioned angle sectionsnext adjacentto said corner post, With-a flange o'f each of saidsecondting relation,

'mentioned angle sections in Iparallelism-to the projecting angeof Said4firstfmentionedV angle section, butin' spaced-apart relation. 12.Informs for concrete construction, thel combination of a corner post,angle 'sections secured to and longitudinally of adjacent faces of saidcorner posts with a ange of each section in parallelism With the face ofsaid post opposite to that to which lthe other section is secured, andangle sections ad-l justably secured to the flanges of said first!mentioned angle sections next adjacent lto saidI corner posts, with aflange at eachl of said second-mentioned angle sections in parallelismto the projecting lianges of said first-mentioned angle section but inspacedapart relation.

13. In forms for concrete construction, the

combination of a main support comprising angle sections formed fromsheet metal and bent to provide a longitudinal flange and a i securingsaid second-mentioned angle section l to the web of said support.

14. In forms for concrete construction, the combination of a' mainsupport forming a casing and comprising angle sections made from sheetmetal and bent to provide a 1ongitudinal flange and a Web, anglesections disposed with one flange abutting said web and the other flangein parallellsm to but spaced apart from said flange of said support, andmeans for securing said secondmentioned angle section to the web of saidsupport.

15. In forms for concrete construction, the combination of a mainsupport forming a casing and comprising angle sections bent from sheetmetal to provide a longitudinal flange and a web, angle lsectionsdisposed with one flange abutting said web and the other iange inparallelism to but spaced apart fromv said flange of said support, meansfor securing said second-mentioned angle sections to the web of saidsupport, and a Wood filler for said main support.

16. In forms for concrete construction, the

combination of three or more I-.sections disposed in spaced relationwith Webs facing each other, the web of each I-section provided with aplurality of angle-shaped Ways the end panels extending *FRANK P. KEMON.

portions. of said Ways being nearest the flanges of thesection, 'between.the Webs of adjacent I-sections and

